[News Up] More until tomorrow...How much more snow does it fall?

■ Host: Cho Jin-hyuk Anchor
■ Starring: Airport staff YTN Disaster Advisory Committee

* The text below may differ from the actual broadcast content, so please check the broadcast for more accurate information. Please specify [YTN News UP] when quoting.

[Anchor]
More snow is forecast today and tomorrow. Let's connect to the YTN Disaster Advisory Committee video of the airport team and listen to it in detail. Is the commissioner out?

[Airport Jin]
Hello?

[Anchor]
Heavy snow warnings have been issued in Seoul and other places. A lot of snow has fallen since night, but it's been a lull for a while now, right?

[Airport Jin]
There was a lot of snow, and now my eyes are narrowing a little, but my eyes don't stop. It's a lull this afternoon, but it's expected to snow again at night, so special attention is needed. Even if it snowed, it fell too much. For the first snow, I think it will be recorded as the most snow in observation history. If you look at the snowfall as of 8 o'clock, there is a record 22cm of snow on Yongmunsan Mountain in Yangpyeong. In Seoul, 20cm of snow accumulates in Gangbuk-gu, causing inconvenience to people coming and going.

It is Seoul's official record observatory, and 16.2cm of snow was also recorded at the Seoul Climate Observatory in Songwol-dong, Jongno-gu, which is currently piled up, which seems to be the most for the first snow record. And the snow in November is also recorded as the largest snow in observation history. In addition, Pyeongchang has 21.7cm of snow piled up in Gangwon-do, and Chuncheon has now started snow and remains at 1cm, but most of the mountains have more than 20cm of snow piled up. Among the places where the heavy snow warning is in place, a heavy snow warning is in place in the eastern part of Jeollabuk-do. If you look at the areas where heavy snow warnings have been issued, heavy snow warnings are issued in the northeastern part of Seoul, eastern Gyeonggi-do, and central Gangwon-do, and most of them are in Gangwon-do except Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and the East Coast. The heavy snow warning is now likely to expand to Chungcheongbuk-do.

[Anchor]
It is an unusual heavy snow situation with the first snow. However, it will snow more in the future. How much longer does it snow?

[Airport Jin]
First of all, this snow maximized instability as low pressure developed in the west came mainly and very cold air came in behind. So the thing about maximizing instability is that the air flow, which suddenly rises upward, strengthens this precipitation phenomenon.

So, it can be seen that the sudden temperature difference intensifies instability, and because of this, the snow clouds develop very rapidly and a lot of snow fell. This snow is moving eastward, and cold air is rushing in from the north. The cold air, which is about 40 degrees from 5km up, is rushing in. When this cold air comes in, isn't the West Sea warm when it passes through the West Sea? As expected, snow clouds are created in the West Sea due to temperature differences. This snow cloud comes in the direction of the cold expanding. It usually snows on the west coast. On top of that, when the wind changes to the west wind, it affects the central part of the country. So, in addition to the big snow that fell early this morning, it is called a sunken car, and snow clouds caused by the temperature difference between the ocean and the atmosphere are expected to affect it again.

So, it is expected to snow often until tomorrow and the day after tomorrow, and there is a high possibility of a lot of snow, especially on the west coast, North Jeolla Province, and South Jeolla Province. It has already fallen a lot, but a lot of snow is expected today in the mountains of Gangwon-do. According to the current forecast, 5-15cm of snow is expected in the southern and northeastern parts of Gyeonggi Province, and 20cm of snow is expected in many places, while 3 to 10cm of snow is expected in Seoul and Incheon, the west coast of Gyeonggi, and the northwest inland of Gyeonggi Province.

In particular, very record-breaking snow of up to 30cm is expected to accumulate in the central and southern mountains of Gangwon-do. In addition, 10 to 15cm of snow is expected to accumulate in many places in the southern part of the country. The problem is, of course, if it snows a lot, it's fortunate that snow removal goes smoothly, but if it doesn't, it's dangerous. But besides that, this snow is very humid.

If you hold a lot of moisture, your eyes get heavy. So, when heavy snow falls, it is called wet snow. When this heavy snow falls, facilities, that is, in the case of greenhouses, are also built very strong these days, but in the case of greenhouses made in the past, it is dangerous. So if there is wet snow, there is a possibility of the collapse of these facilities. So this snow needs to be prepared in various ways.

[Anchor]
I think we can summarize that it could come more than we got off. Moreover, since it's a customary theory, I think we should be careful about collapse accidents. But I'm worried that the snow that fell like this will freeze as it is and become icy, what about tomorrow's temperature?

[Airport Jin]
As I said earlier, cold air is rushing in. Since it is a cold situation, in the case of the first snow, it often falls when the air is not cold enough. So, 8.8cm of snow accumulated in 2018, but it melts as soon as the first snow falls. This snow is changing like a typical early winter weather with the cold, so the temperature is very low.

So, even if there are places where the temperature stays at around 1 or 2 degrees Celsius today, the wind chill is below zero, and if we say a video of 1 or 2 degrees, it is about 1.5 meters, and the temperature from the ground, so the ground is very likely to fall below zero and freeze. So when the snow accumulates and freezes, it becomes an icy road. In particular, even if the snow removal has been done, you can't be completely relieved because even after the snow removal, there can be a thin ice film. When the cold suddenly comes.

So if there is an ice curtain like this, there can be a very dangerous situation, so drivers should be especially careful. Next, elderly people or those who have difficulty walking may have falls, so it would be better to be careful about accidents. Especially in the case of side roads, snow removal is not done smoothly. So in this case, of course, I hope you can do things like clearing the snow in front of my house. If that's not possible, I think the people who come and go should be extra careful.

[Anchor]
I think you should pay special attention to icy roads. But the wind has been strong since yesterday. Yesterday, there were a lot of strong wind-related accidents and it's very windy today, but why is it so windy at the same time with a lot of snow?

[Airport Jin]
The reason why it was windy yesterday was because it was a little warm until yesterday. It rained a lot as the rain cloud passed in the south. In addition to the warm air, there was a very strong cold air of 40 degrees from the north, and the difference between the two air was very severe. So there's a big air pressure difference between the high pressure and the low pressure that developed like the current is fast from a high mountain to a low valley, and this air pressure difference blows like a waterfall. That's why there's a strong wind. This phenomenon seems to be less frequent than yesterday, but the air pressure difference is still large because the cold air coming down from the north is so strong. So strong winds are expected to continue.

Strong winds are expected on the west coast, especially the coast, so it is necessary to prepare for strong winds. Most of the strong wind warnings are in place in Chungcheong-do, Honam, Jeju Island, and parts of the East Coast. If the wind blows strongly, there will be high waves at sea, because of the wind. So, since wind warnings are in effect all over the sea and there are many places that have been raised by wind warnings, there is a high possibility of large waves of up to 4m and instantaneous gusts of about 20m per second suitable for small typhoon levels, so you should prepare for the wind like this. First of all, the situation of the barometer is expected to continue until tomorrow without much change. So, I think it would be good to prepare for high winds and waves in snow, wind, and sea.

[Anchor]
Attention is needed in every way from icy roads to strong winds, cold, and collapse. But yesterday, a bean-sized hail fell for two hours in the mountainous area of Gangwon-do. What's wrong with this?

[Airport Jin]
Hail also occurs when the temperature difference between the air is severe. So, usually, particles that go up become ice and melt as they come down. So in this case, when it's hot, it usually rains because of rain. The rumor of hail went up and down. It's a very rapid flow of air. It is hail that hardened ice grains do not turn into snowflakes and continue to add water to the ice grains and suddenly grow.

The reason for hail is that there is a sudden updraft, and the conditions for hail like this are when there is a big difference between the temperature of the upper and the temperature of the lower layers. So, it is difficult to see this phenomenon in summer when there is no significant difference in temperature. Hail usually appears in spring and autumn, but the fact that hail fell on the winter side after autumn means that the air itself has gotten hotter as the earth heats up. So, it can be said that the hail at the end of November, ahead of December, poured out as strong instability was formed by a large temperature difference.

[Anchor]
It means that unexpected weather events will continue in the future because the atmosphere is unstable.

[Airport Jin]
That's right. These days, it's called the new normal. So you can't interpret the weather by the old standards. As you may remember this year, aren't the weather phenomena you've never experienced before continuing? It's the first time I've ever experienced a 20cm first snow. As the earth heats up as a whole, it is now difficult to determine in what direction the earth will change, and weather phenomena that have never been experienced before are appearing. So it's going to be very difficult to wait. I think we need posture that can be stronger and stronger than the one we did before. I think it would be better for local governments to prepare for that.

[Anchor]
If you look at last winter, there was a time when there was so much snow in the mountains of Gangwon-do in a short period of time that people were isolated. Didn't the first snow come so much that you were surprised? Can this winter be similar to last winter?

[Airport Jin]
As I said earlier, there is a possibility that such phenomena that we have not experienced will continue. So when this first snow forecast initially predicted 10cm, what is the normal 10cm for other people? That's what I thought. But the actual snow was over 20cm. So, such unpredictable weather events can occur, and last year, a lot of snow fell in Gangwon-do, causing isolation. In the case of Gangneung and the East Coast, the snow that can fall is highly likely to fall quite large.

So there is an indicator that determines the amount of snow that fell in a day. In some cases, these things exceed 1m. So, if there is heavy snow like this, there may be phenomena that cannot be exchanged. Therefore, it is difficult to say that there is no possibility of unpredictable heavy snow this year compared to last year. Usually, a professor said that winter is here, so in the summer, the worst cold wave is coming this winter, and the Korea Meteorological Administration took it the wrong way and said, "Isn't it getting cold this year?" But that wasn't it. The Korea Meteorological Administration announced that December will be similar to or slightly lower than the average year, so December will be colder than other years, but the outlook has also changed.

So, in December, January, and February, there is a forecast that temperatures will be similar to or slightly higher than usual this winter. This is a prospect, not a forecast. So, when making a forecast, a day before is the most accurate thing. It drops as time goes by. It's called chaos theory. The butterfly flaps its wings, and a big storm may come, because if the breadth of change changes rapidly over time, it's really hard to predict. Therefore, this winter is likely to be similar to the average year or slightly higher in temperature. In a way, this is an average story.

It is not average and the recent weather phenomenon is that extreme weather events occur frequently. Even if the average is 10 degrees, the horizon grows up and down. Therefore, there are many phenomena that can occur as abnormal weather events lead to extreme weather events. So, it's warmer than usual, but for example, it drops significantly below minus 15 degrees Celsius. In addition, the morning temperature may rise by nearly 10 degrees, and the weather is likely to continue to increase in amplitude like this. It's expressed like "neolttwigi". There is a possibility that weather phenomena that can be experienced for the first time will appear this winter. In particular, warm weather and cold can alternate. In a way, it's getting harder and harder to predict.

[Anchor]
As you explained earlier, a lot of snow is predicted until tomorrow, and there will be a lot of things to pay attention to, such as facilities and transportation. Can you point it out briefly?

[Airport Jin]
First of all, when it snows a lot, visibility and forward-looking distance are shortened. Your eyes are covered. So when you drive, you have to be careful of visibility and of course, be careful of icy roads. And as I said earlier, in the case of facilities, it's customary, so it's better not to collapse. I think it's better to remove the snow in front of the house. It would be nice to create conditions for many people to go around. The most important thing is to be careful of everything. So, it is expected that you should be prepared for snow when you walk in the snow or when you go in the snow. You'd better look around.

[Anchor]
Let's stop here. I was joined by YTN Disaster Advisory Committee member, Airportjin. Thank you.