Autumn gizzard. The seeds are dry? Dr. Gizzard says, "But winter gizzard comes instead."

YTN Radio (FM 94.5) [YTN News FM Wise Radio Life]
□ Broadcast Date: October 23, 2024 (Wednesday)
□ Host: Announcer Park Gui-bin
□ Castor: Ji Hwan-sung, Researcher of the National Institute of Fisheries Science

* The text below may differ from the actual broadcast content, so please check the broadcast for more accurate information.

◆ Announcer Park Gui-bin (hereinafter referred to as Park Gui-bin): When it comes to autumn, gizzard shad is considered a popular fishery product. Recently, this gizzard shad has become a very precious body. I'm going to talk to Dr. Gizzard this time about why I can't see autumn gizzard so much. I'll connect you to Ji Hwan-sung, a researcher at the National Fisheries Research and Extension Services. Hello, doctor.

◇Ji Hwan-sung, a researcher at the National Institute of Fisheries Science (hereinafter referred to as Ji Hwan-sung): Yes, hello.

◆Park Gui-bin: Dr. Ye, why are you a gizzard shad doctor?

◇ Ji-hwan: I am in charge of the entire fish tank for the major fish species distributed in Korea.

◆Park Gui-bin: I see. Then you must be the doctor of all fish, not only on the phone.

◇ Ji-hwan: Yes, I'm in charge of several species.

◆Park Gui-bin: I know. Do you like gizzard shad for eating?

◇ Ji Hwan Sung: Yes, of course I like it. Me too

◆Park VIP: But you didn't eat a lot this year, right?

◇ Ji Hwan-sung: Yes, I haven't eaten much this year. It looks too expensive

◆Park VIP: Why? this year

◇ Jihwan: Based on the catch of Statistics Korea as of this year, the cumulative catch of all people from January to August is 3,380 tons. Compared to 6,470 tons caught in the same period last year, it is down 48%, and compared to the five-year average catch, it is down 46%.

◆Park Gui Bin: Why did it decrease?

◇ Ji Hwan-seong: In this part, we must first talk about the ecological characteristics of gizzard shad. Gizzard shad is a fish species that lives mainly in the surface and middle layers within 50 meters of water on all coasts of Korea and does not migrate to distant seas. As a result, it is a fish species that spawns mainly in the brackish waters and coasts where freshwater and seawater mix in the South Sea and the West Sea from May to July and can live in a relatively wide range of water temperatures and salinity zones, with a habitat temperature of 14 to 27 degrees Celsius, but this decrease in capacity in August compared to previous years is estimated to be sluggish as the fish has a survival strategy to move to the appropriate water temperature in a high water temperature environment of more than 28 degrees Celsius on the South Sea coast in summer.

◆Park Gui-bin: Are you saying that the water temperature of the sea has risen? How many degrees higher than the average year?

◇ Jihwan: Compared to the average year, the West Sea, which is almost 2 degrees Celsius higher than the average year, has risen to 4.5 degrees Celsius in all waters of Korea.

◆Park Gui Bin: Didn't it go up a lot?

◇ Ji Hwan Sung: Yes, that's right. In the case of the South Sea, as I go up to at least 2.5 degrees, several fish species are distributed and affected.

◆Park Gui-bin: There has been no autumn gizzard. I don't think I've heard this before. Then, was the sea surface temperature the highest this year?

◇ Ji Hwan Sung: Yes. It was an unusually high year.

◆Park Gui-bin: A habitat environment where gizzard shad can live well in the sea should not be high water temperature. What's the water temperature to live well?

◇ Alienability: According to the research, it is currently known that it can inhabit 14 to 27 degrees Celsius, but as previously explained, gizzard shads spawn in July in May, and the water temperature range for young people born after laying eggs during the spawning season is lower. It's around 14 to 22 degrees. Therefore, this range can be considered the most suitable habitat, but gizzard shads live by eating small plant-based plastones and organic matter on the floor with pearls. Of course, without such extreme environments such as high water temperature, it can be seen as a fish species that adapts well in various environments.

◆Park Gui-bin: That's why the water temperature is low, but we usually call it autumn gizzard shad. Since fall is in season, wouldn't the water temperature be lowered now? The temperature has dropped a lot, so can I eat gizzard shad in winter?

◇ Ji Hwan Sung: Yes, that's right. First of all, if you look at monthly statistics for the last five years, gizzard shad has been caught at a similar level in autumn and winter. After spawning in May to July, 1,200 to 1,600 tons of gizzard shad are caught per month in August to October, and the catch is high in January to March, winter.

◆Park Gui-bin: Then it's not autumn gizzard, but this year, many people will be able to find winter gizzard shad.

◇ Jihwan-seong: If the coastal high water temperature continues, the catch of gizzard shad is expected to decrease in autumn and the catch in winter is expected to remain steady.

◆Park Gui-bin: In the past, many people used to find and enjoy gizzard shad in autumn and winter, but now the period of time to enjoy it is a little shorter. Since there aren't many autumn gizzard shads this year. But in the region where it is a special product, a gizzard festival is held in midsummer. I think there was a festival this summer, too. But I think the supply was very good at that time.

◇ Ji Hwan-sung: Immediately after the end of the fishing season in mid-July, gizzard shad festivals are held in various regions, and even then, when looking at the interviews of fishermen and things like this, gizzard shad is not the same as in previous years. Compared to August when the statistics came out, August is now 896 tons this year, and 1,029 tons last year. So, it's true that there was a 13% decrease.

◆Park Gui-bin: This year's gizzard shads have continued to decline compared to previous years.

◇ Ji Hwan Sung: Yes. In particular, it has decreased a lot this year, and the cumulative catch has decreased a lot in terms of the average year. The cumulative catch so far has been

◆Park VIP: Will this continue in the future? Will it be repeated every year? How do you see this phenomenon? When you study it,

◇ Alienability: First of all, gizzard shads and all aquatic creatures are most affected by the marine environment. However, if the water temperature continues to rise due to the effects of climate change due to climate warming or these effects, this phenomenon is expected to continue for the time being.

◆Park Gui-bin: I see. A while ago, I told you that there is a gizzard shad festival in summer, but summer gizzard shad is often called haet gizzard shad. Is this a different species from autumn gizzard?

◇ Ji-Hwan: The species is the same. Both fresh gizzard shad and autumn gizzard shad are the same fish species, and they have been called fresh gizzard shad since the forbidden season in mid-July, and they are consuming so much.

◆Park Gui-bin: That's why fresh gizzard shad has soft bones and soft meat. When I looked it up, it was like that.

◇ Ji Hwan-sung: Yes, but there are also subjective reasons for each person's softening of bones, so this reason is a little uncertain.

◆Park Gwibin: I see. I'm talking to Dr. Gizzard. Lastly, autumn gizzard shad has passed, but many people said they could find winter gizzard shad, so I hope you can recommend it. Or even if you tell us your personal preference, we can refer to it. I'd like to ask you about gizzard shad dishes, so I eat gizzard shad in various ways, so how would you like it, raw gizzard shad, or grilled gizzard shad doctor?

◇ Ji Hwan-sung: I personally prefer gizzard shad. In autumn, I prefer raw fish because the flesh is plump for winter preparation, the fat content is high, and the meat is known to be soft and savory to eat with bones.

◆Park Gwibin: I see. Dr. Gizzard shad prefers gizzard shad. I hope our listeners can refer to it. He was an alicyclic researcher in the Department of Resources in the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute. Thank you for your words today. Thank you, doctor.

◇ Ji Hwan Sung: Yes, thank you.